Impulse

Features:[Page 2] EROS and SDSU join hands in international research[Page 3] New aerospace project begins at SDSU[Page 4] Energy Watch - Energy awareness committee\u27s goal[Page 5] Chamber gets message to alumni[Page 5] New Agricultural Extension Network installed at SDSU[Page 6] EED: Light up your future[Page 7] Entrepreneur Award[Page 8] John Kappenman - Alumnus leads effort to deploy \u27watchdog\u27 satellite[Page 8] Russ Christiansen - A caring approach to management, engineeringCollege of Engineering Research and Outreach: 1-16 Center SectionDepartments:Students:[Page 25] Pi Tau Sigma elects officers, welcomes members[Page 25] Erickson and Lauritzen lead JEC[Page 26] Ernie\u27s Pontiac Firebird carries memories of friendshipAlumni:[Page 27] SDSU alumni become power industry executivesBenefactors and Donors:[Page 28] Benefactors[Page 29] Benefactors, dean\u27s club, corporate donors, altruistic alumni and friends[Page 30-33] Altruistic alumni and friendshttps://openprairie.sdstate.edu/coe_impulse/1037/thumbnail.jp

Impulse

Features:[Page 2] Water research: Saving for a \u27dry day\u27[Page 4] Regional water center enjoys benefits of Brookings[Page 5] Feed Jake\u27[Page 6] SDSU honors distinguished engineers[Page 8] Scholarships awarded at annual banquet[Page 10] New South Dakota businesses proposed by SDSU students Departments:Faculty:[Page 11] Transportation technology service receives funding[Page 11] Wayne Knabach honored[Page 12] Faculty and students attendance at Dalton.[Page 12] Conference focuses on women, minorities[Page 13] Professors receive doctorates[Page 13] Fulbright Scholar[Page 14] Two retire from College of Engineering faculty[Page 14] Former dean of engineering dies[Page 15] Alcock continues focus on research[Page 15] Froehlich named head of engineering department[Page 16] Preheater may have commercial potential.[Page 17] Remund receives association funding[Page 17] Prest Rack projectStudents: [Page 18] Students get involved in engineering societies[Page 19] ASAE student branch places in EMI competition[Page 19] Engineering student elected Student Federation president[Page 20] Engineering Exploration Days[Page 22] \u27Scouting\u27 the future[Page 24] \u27Ambassadors\u27[Page 25] Friends rally to help student diagnosed with cancerGrants:[Page 26] SDSU faculty conduct aerospace research[Page 27] Aerospace research in South Dakota gets a boost[Page 27] Chandler wins Space Grant Consortium fellowshipBenefactors and Donors:[Page 28] Electrical engineering graduate established scholarship endowment[Page 29] Brede and Siri Sander Family Scholarship[Page 29] Storley Family ScholarshipAlumni:[Page 30] Phonathon raises more than $70,000 for college[Page 31] Douglas Perry authors book[Page 31] Reder nominated as Minnesota Young Engineer[Page 31] Ed May promoted[Page 32] SDSU alumni power industry executiveshttps://openprairie.sdstate.edu/coe_impulse/1036/thumbnail.jp

Within- and between-city contrasts in nitrogen dioxide and mortality in 10 Canadian cities; A subset of the Canadian Census Health and Environment Cohort (CanCHEC)

The independent and joint effects of within- and between-city contrasts in air pollution on mortality have been investigated rarely. To examine the differential effects of between- versus within-city contrasts in pollution exposure, we used both ambient measurements and land use regression models to assess associations with mortality and exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO<inf>2</inf>) among ∼735,600 adults in 10 of the largest Canadian cities. We estimated exposure contrasts partitioned into within- and between-city contrasts, and the sum of these as overall exposures, for every year from 1984 to 2006. Residential histories allowed us to follow subjects annually during the study period. We calculated hazard ratios (HRs) adjusted for many personal and contextual variables. In fully-adjusted, random-effects models, we found positive associations between overall NO<inf>2</inf> exposures and mortality from non-accidental causes (HR per 5 p.p.b.: 1.05; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03-1.07), cardiovascular disease (HR per 5 p.p.b.: 1.04; 95% CI: 1.01-1.06), ischaemic heart disease (HR per 5 p.p.b.: 1.05; 95% CI: 1.02-1.08) and respiratory disease (HR per 5 p.p.b.: 1.04; 95% CI: 0.99-1.08), but not from cerebrovascular disease (HR per 5 p.p.b.: 1.01; 95% CI: 0.96-1.06). We found that most of these associations were determined by within-city contrasts, as opposed to by between-city contrasts in NO<inf>2</inf>. Our results suggest that variation in NO<inf>2</inf> concentrations within a city may represent a more toxic mixture of pollution than variation between cities